ICS Occasional Papers

China’s deterrent is premised on the survivability and credibility of its nuclear forces. The policy of assured retaliation has allowed it to maintain a relatively small arsenal, stressing on second-strike capabilities for counter-value targeting. However, strides made by the US in precision strike...

US-China tensions can broadly be classified into four major areas: Trade, Technology, Territorial issues (such as Hong Kong, Xinjiang, Tibet, Taiwan, the South China Sea, and Regional Connectivity) and Tenets, which allude to values, ideology and the advocacy of particular systems of political and economic governance (T4).

In modern China, even under Mao’s communist era, literature has been regarded as an instrument of political dissent. Two major approaches are required to seriously reflect on how to understand the anatomy of the Fang Fang Phenomenon: one is to view it in the historical context of New

It is no secret that a nation state’s domestic legal system, its functioning and continued reformation is essential to maintain the ‘rule of law’. While the notion of this ‘rule of law’ differs from state to state based on the extent of enshrined constitutional guarantees, independence of the judiciary and various

Looking past common prognostications, this article focuses on the conditions for an alternative possible future of China-U.S. relations, beyond the trade war or a new cold war. Its aim is to map out a possible future that would open up if the U.S. political system takes a leftward turn in 2020 or beyond.

As India attempts to embark on an ambitious economic growth trajectory, the newly created water ministry will be unable to combat the country’s increasing water stress if water security is dealt with in isolation. Water is not only about a resource for consumption or agricultural and industrial use but ...

Existing documentation and scholarship show that in each phase in history the nature of the India-China civilizational interaction was unique and different from interactions during the other phases. This paper is an effort to explore the trajectory of India-China cultural relations in the second half...

Materialism is an area of research which has over the last decades become relevant and needs careful analysis. Materialism has many definitions and implies deconstructing the mindset and the psychology of humans and the factors which lead people to be happy with their lives. In the Chinese context, materialism has

Effective management and utilization of fiscal, physical and human resources is of crucial importance in advancing the quality of basic education. In recent years, reforms of educational governance around the world have especially aimed to improve student learning outcomes by strengthening education accountability.

In this short paper, I will trace the evolution of views and debate on China specifically in Europe. European attitudes towards China are part of more broadly Western perceptions of China.

Whilst Europeans are not using the robust rhetoric of President Trump, policy makers have acknowledged that the relationship with China is becoming increasingly complex.

Recent global trade developments, including a sluggish global economy, slowing trade, heightened trade disputes, and now an expected disruption on account of coronavirus in China has led to the recasting of an outward-looking economy’s strategies for external engagement.